Few inventions in modern times have had such an influence on the history, economy, social life and environment of much of the world as the automobile. Automobiles can be driven to work, shopping, family gatherings, and many other places, providing freedom and flexibility for people with busy schedules. However, automobiles can also cause harm to the environment and contribute to traffic accidents and injuries.
Automobiles require a large amount of power for driving and acceleration. The mechanical systems of an automobile must be robust, simple, and highly resistant to overloads and extreme operating conditions. Likewise, the vehicle must provide passenger safety and comfort options, engine performance, optimized high-speed handling, and stable vehicle stability.
The car is a complicated machine that requires an electrical system to give it its initial push, as well as a battery that supplies energy for the motor to run and an alternator to continuously recharge the battery. A car’s suspension system is a network of springs and shock absorbers, analogous to the skeletal structure of a human body, that support the wheels and other mechanical systems and allow the vehicle to roll on the road.
Hundreds of small manufacturers competed to gain the market’s attention in the early 1900s, and automobile production quickly increased. Ransom E Olds introduced the assembly line concept to manufacturing in 1902, and Henry Ford innovated mass production techniques in 1910, enabling him to produce cars at affordable prices. His Model T ranabouts, sold in vast numbers until it was withdrawn from production in 1927, aligned the automobile’s design with demand.